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Your treatment for sore throats directly online
Fast appointments. Anytime – day and night.
Costs covered by all staturory health insurances and insurance companies

Highest data protection.
Tested by TÜV Saarland.














Your treatment for sore throats directly online
Fast appointments. Anytime – day and night.

Highest data protection.
Tested by TÜV Saarland.
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Sore throat guide
Abstract
- A sore throat is a collective term for a variety of inflammations in the throat.
- If your sore throat subsides quickly, you don’t usually need to see a doctor; various household remedies will provide you with relief.
- However, if you are suffering from severe pain and a high temperature, you should seek medical treatment.

The causes of sore throats
In most cases, viruses cause unpleasant pain in the throat and pharynx. These are usually cold viruses, which mainly spread during the cold season. These pathogens, known as rhinoviruses, cause the following symptoms in addition to a sore throat:
- Common cold
- Cough or bronchitis
- Fatigue and exhaustion
In addition to flu viruses, certain bacteria cause severe sore throats. They often occur as part of angina tonsillaris (tonsillitis) or pharyngitis (inflammation of the throat). In some patients, bacterial pathogens cause laryngitis (inflammation of the larynx) or epiglottitis (inflammation of the epiglottis). In all these cases, the mucous membrane becomes inflamed due to bacterial infection. Streptococci are particularly common. However, cold viruses can also cause these diseases.
In principle, several colds a year are no cause for concern. Experts believe that two to four viral respiratory infections in adults and six to eight cold episodes in children are normal.
Other triggers of sore throats
Environmental influences can also lead to a sore throat. Many people react to the following stimuli with painful discomfort in the throat:
- Tobacco smoke
- Dry indoor air, especially during the heating period
- House dust
- Chemicals, such as solvents
Note: Allergies, especially hay fever or gastroesophalageal reflux disease (heartburn) are also frequently accompanied by a sore throat.
The typical symptoms of the different types of sore throat
A sore throat leads to different symptoms depending on where it occurs in the throat.
Symptoms of tonsillitis
- Intense sore throat that lasts for more than two days
- Often also earache
- Discomfort when swallowing
- Whitish coatings on the palatine tonsils
- Bad breath
- Swollen, sometimes painful lymph nodes on the neck when touched
- Fever
- Dullness
Symptoms of pharyngitis
- Mild sore throat or a scratchy throat that subsides after a few days
- Runny nose and sneezing
- Frequent headaches and fever
Symptoms of laryngitis
- Sore throat
- Hoarseness up to aphonia (loss of voice)
- Cough
- Fever
Symptoms of epiglottitis
- Pain when swallowing
- Deeper pronunciation
- Fever
- Inspiratory stridor (whistling noises during inhalation)
- Shortness of breath
Under certain circumstances, untreated epiglottitis can lead to death by suffocation if the entrance to the larynx swells up completely. For this reason, you should seek medical treatment immediately if you suspect epiglottitis.
The treatment of sore throats
Sore throats that do not last longer than two days do not usually require a visit to the doctor.
Relieving sore throats on your own
Various household remedies have proven effective in quickly overcoming an annoying and painful sore throat. You should always make sure you drink plenty of fluids. This will keep the mucous membranes in your mouth and throat moist at all times and help your body to fight off the viruses or bacteria that cause illness. Gargling is a particularly effective way of moistening the mucous membranes in the throat. Salt water (half a teaspoon of household salt per 0.2 liters of water) or various herbal teas can be used for this purpose. Sage extracts, for example, relieve inflammation and have a pain-relieving effect. Cooling throat compresses and compresses have the same effect.
Sore throat lozenges or lozenges combat sore throats on the one hand with their mucus-forming and anaesthetic active ingredients; on the other hand, sucking these over-the-counter medicines stimulates the flow of saliva so that the pathogens can be flushed out more easily.
Medical treatment of sore throats
Persistent or frequently recurring severe sore throats are just as much a reason to see a doctor as a high fever of over 39 degrees that lasts longer than a day. The same applies to lower fevers that last longer than three days. You should also have the causes of your sore throat clarified by your doctor if you experience various severe accompanying symptoms. These symptoms include in particular
- Pronounced feeling of weakness or illness
- Pain in the abdomen or chest
- Severe cough
- Swollen lymph nodes on the neck
The doctors treating you will determine the cause of your sore throat. The doctor may take a swab test to identify the pathogen in the laboratory. If the illness is severe, your doctor will carry out a blood test to determine whether it is a case of mononucleosis. If a bacterial infection is diagnosed, an antibiotic will be prescribed in many cases. You may also receive a prescription for painkillers, anti-inflammatories and medication to reduce the fever. As a rule, you will be given a sick note.
If necessary, GPs refer patients to ear, nose and throat specialists to carry out further examinations using ultrasound, computer tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.
Note: Ill-fitting dentures and poor oral hygiene allow pathogens to multiply in the mouth and throat.
Questions and answers
Is a tonsillectomy (surgical removal of the tonsils) advisable for adults?
A tonsillectomy is particularly useful if the patient has inflammation several times a year which recurs over several years and the inflammation is accompanied by severe pain when swallowing, fever and frequent antibiotics.
How can parents protect their children from epiglottitis?
This disease, which can be life-threatening in severe cases, is particularly common in young children. You can protect your offspring by vaccinating them against Haemophilus influenzae-b. This pathogen is responsible for many cases of epiglottitis and can also cause meningitis (inflammation of the meninges). The Standing Vaccination Commission of the Federal Republic of Germany, which is based at the Robert Koch Institute, recommends this vaccination for all infants.
How do doctors differentiate between sore throats in terms of their duration?
Doctors generally divide this disease into the following groups:
- Acute (maximum complaint duration of two weeks)
- Recurrent (recurring)
- Chronic
What kind of lifestyle favors the frequent occurrence of sore throats?
In a nutshell: An unhealthy lifestyle can lead to frequent sore throats as it weakens the general immune system. Pathogens therefore have an easy time of it. The main risk factors in this respect are an unbalanced, low-vitamin diet with a high sugar and fat intake and a lack of exercise.
The consumption of tobacco and alcohol increases the likelihood of developing tumors in these areas, among other things:
- Throat
- Oral cavity
- Larynx
- Oesophagus
However, these cancers only cause sore throats at an advanced stage.
How TeleClinic can help
Even if a sore throat itself is usually harmless and can be treated with home remedies, medical advice should be sought if you experience severe pain or additional symptoms such as a fever. In an online consultation, the doctor can get an overview of your state of health and treat you with the right prescription if necessary. Your medication will then be delivered to your home quickly and easily or you can collect it from a local pharmacy. If necessary, you will also receive a sick note so that you can recover at home in peace.
Sources
- https://www.aerzteblatt.de/archiv/186548/Akute-Atemwegsinfektionen-Welche-Therapieformen-nuetzen-welche-nicht
- https://www.aerzteblatt.de/archiv/78169/Rezidivierende-Tonsillitis-bei-Erwachsenen
- https://www.apotheken-umschau.de/halsschmerzen
- https://www.aerzteblatt.de/nachrichten/100957/Warum-manche-Kinder-immer-wieder-an-einer-Tonsillitis-erkranken
Fabian Bohn
- Last updated: 4. June 2026
This TeleClinic guide has been written by our medical editors in accordance with the highest scientific standards. The articles are intended to provide you with initial information on various topics and cannot replace a medical diagnosis. Experienced doctors will be happy to provide you with further advice in an online consultation.
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